Background
Registering either a home or business
fax number on THE NATIONAL DO-NOT-CALL List WILL
NOT make sending a fax advertisement to that number
unlawful, but the FCC has separate rules that prohibit unsolicited
fax advertisements under most circumstances.
Has your evening quiet time or dinner been interrupted by a call
from a telemarketer? If so, you’re not alone. Congress first
passed the Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA) in 1991 in
response to consumer concerns about the growing number of unsolicited
telephone marketing calls to their homes and the increasing use
of automated and prerecorded messages. In response, the Federal
Communications Commission (FCC) adopted rules that require anyone
making a telephone solicitation call to your home to provide his
or her name, the name of the person or entity on whose behalf
the call is being made, and a telephone number or address at which
that person or entity can be contacted. The original rules also
prohibit telephone solicitation calls to your home before 8 am
or after 9 pm, and require telemarketers to comply with any do-not-call
request you make directly to the caller during a solicitation
call. In June 2003, the FCC supplemented its original rules implementing
the TCPA and established, together with the Federal Trade Commission
(FTC), the national Do-Not-Call list.
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The National Do-Not-Call List
Once you have placed your home phone number or numbers, including
any personal wireless phone numbers, on the national Do-Not-Call
list, callers are prohibited from making telephone solicitations
to those number(s). Your number or numbers will remain on the
list until you remove them or discontinue service – there
is no need to re-register numbers.
The national Do-Not-Call list protects home voice or personal
wireless phone numbers only. While you may be able to register
a business number, your registration will not make telephone solicitations
to that number unlawful.
A telephone solicitation is a telephone call that acts as an
advertisement. The term does not include calls or messages placed
with your express prior permission, by or on behalf of a tax-exempt
non-profit organization, or from a person or organization with
which you have an established business relationship (EBR).
An EBR exists if you have made an inquiry, application, purchase,
or transaction regarding products or services offered by the person
or entity involved. Generally, you may put an end to that relationship
by telling the person or entity not to place any more solicitation
calls to your home. Additionally, the EBR is only in effect for
18 months after your last business transaction or three months
after your last inquiry or application. After these time periods,
calls placed to your home phone number or numbers by that person
or entity are considered telephone solicitations subject to the
do-not-call rules.
While registering home phone numbers on the national Do-Not-Call
list prohibits telephone solicitations, this action does not make
prank or harassing calls unlawful. For problems with such calls,
contact local law enforcement agencies.
You can register your home phone number or numbers on the national
Do-Not-Call list by phone or by Internet at no cost. To add a
phone number to the national Do-Not-Call list via the Internet,
go to www.donotcall.gov. To register by phone, call 1-888-382-1222
(voice) or 1-866-290-4236 (TTY). You must call from the phone
number you wish to register. For more information on the national
Do-Not-Call list, visit our Web site at www.fcc.gov/cgb/donotcall.
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Company-Specific Do-Not-Call Lists
Whether or not your home phone number or numbers are registered
on the national Do-Not-Call list, the FCC requires a person or
entity placing voice telephone solicitations to your home to maintain
a record of your direct request to that caller not to receive
future telephone solicitations from that person or entity. The
calling company must honor your do-not-call request for five years.
To prevent calls after five years, you will need to repeat your
request to the company, and it must honor it for another five
years (and so on). Your request should also stop calls from affiliated
entities if you would reasonably expect them to be included, given
the identification of the caller and the product being advertised.
Unless your home phone number or numbers are registered on the
national Do-Not-Call list, however, you must make a separate do-not-call
request to each telemarketer from whom you do not wish to receive
calls.
When you receive telephone solicitation calls, clearly state
that you want to be added to the caller’s do-not-call list.
You may want to keep a list of those persons or businesses that
you have asked not to call you. Tax-exempt non-profit organizations
are not required to keep do-not-call lists.
State Do-Not-Call Lists
Additionally, many states now have statewide do-not-call lists
for residents in their respective states. Contact your state’s
public service commission or consumer protection office to see
if your state has such a list, and to find out how to register
your number or numbers. For contact information for your state
public service commission, go to www.naruc.org/commissions.cfm.
You can also find contact information for these offices in the
blue pages or government section of your local telephone directory.
Automatic Telephone Dialing Systems and Artificial or Prerecorded
Voice Calls
The FCC has specific rules for automatic telephone dialing systems,
also known as “autodialers.” These devices can be
particularly annoying and generate many consumer complaints. The
rules regarding automatically dialed and prerecorded calls apply
whether or not you have registered your home phone number(s) on
the national Do-Not-Call list.
Autodialers can produce, store, and dial telephone numbers using
a random or sequential number generator. They often place artificial
(computerized) or prerecorded voice calls. The use of autodialers,
including predictive dialers, often results in abandoned calls
– hang-ups or “dead air.” Except for emergency
calls or calls made with the prior express consent of the person
being called, autodialers and any artificial or prerecorded voice
messages may not be used to contact numbers assigned to:
•any emergency telephone line;
•the telephone line of any guest or patient room at a hospital,
health care facility, home for the elderly, or similar establishment;
•a paging service, wireless phone service (including both
voice calls and text messages), or other commercial mobile radio
service; or
•any other service for which the person being called would
be charged for the call.
Calls using artificial or prerecorded voice messages –
including those that do not use autodialers – may not be
made to home phone numbers except for:
•emergency calls needed to ensure the consumer’s
health and safety;
•calls for which you have given prior express consent;
•non-commercial calls;
•calls that don’t include or introduce any unsolicited
advertisements or constitute telephone solicitations;
•calls by, or on behalf of, tax-exempt non-profit organizations;
or
•calls from entities with which you have an EBR.
In addition, the FCC’s rules prohibit the use of autodialers
in a way that ties up two or more lines of a multi-line business
at the same time. All artificial or prerecorded telephone messages
must state, at the beginning, the identity of the business, individual,
or other entity that is responsible for initiating the call. If
a business is responsible for initiating the call, the name under
which the entity is registered to conduct business with the State
Corporation Commission (or comparable regulatory authority) must
be stated. During or after the message, the caller must give the
telephone number (other than that of the autodialer or prerecorded
message player that placed the call) of the business, other entity,
or individual that made the call so that you can call during regular
business hours to ask that the company no longer call you. The
number provided may not be a 900 number or any other number for
which charges exceed local or long distance charges.
Autodialers that deliver a recorded message must release the
called party’s telephone line within five seconds of the
time that the calling system receives notification that the called
party’s line has hung up. In some areas, you could experience
a delay before you can get a dial tone again. Your local telephone
company can tell you if there is a delay in your area.
Telemarketers must ensure that predictive dialers abandon no
more than three percent of all calls placed and answered by a
person. A call will be considered "abandoned" if it
is not transferred to a live sales agent within two seconds of
the recipient's greeting.
Caller Identification (ID)
If you have caller ID, a telemarketer is required to transmit
or display its phone number and, if available, its name or the
name and phone number of the company for which it is selling products.
The display must include a phone number that you can call during
regular business hours to ask that the company no longer call
you. This rule applies even if you have an EBR with the company,
and even if you have not registered your home phone number(s)
on the national Do-Not-Call list. Before these rules took effect,
the words “private,” “out of area,” or
“unavailable” might have appeared on the Caller ID
display.
What You Can Do
The FCC can issue warning citations and impose fines against
companies violating or suspected of violating the do-not-call
rules, but does not award individual damages. If you receive a
telephone solicitation that you think violates any of these rules,
you can file a complaint with the FCC. There is no charge for
filing a complaint. You can file your complaint using an on-line
complaint form found at esupport.fcc.gov/complaints.htm. You can
also file your complaint with the FCC’s Consumer Center
by e-mailing fccinfo@fcc.gov; calling 1-888-CALL-FCC (1-888-225-5322)
voice or 1-888-TELL-FCC (1-888-835-5322) TTY; faxing 1-866-418-0232;
or writing to:
Federal Communications Commission
Consumer & Governmental Affairs Bureau
Consumer Inquiries & Complaints Division
445 12th Street, SW
Washington, DC 20554.
What to Include in Your Complaint
The best way to provide all the information the FCC needs to
process your complaint is to complete fully the on-line complaint
form. When you open the on-line complaint form, you will be asked
a series of questions that will take you to the particular section
of the form you need to complete. If you do not use the on-line
complaint form, your complaint, at a minimum, should indicate:
•your name, address, e-mail address, and phone number where
you can be reached;
•the phone number where you received the call, and whether
this number is on the national Do-Not-Call list;
•the date and time of the call;
•whether the call advertised or sold any property, goods,
or services;
•any information (including a caller ID number) to help
identify the individual or company whose property, goods, or services
were being advertised or sold, and whether any of this information
was provided during the call;
•whether you or anyone else in your household gave the
caller permission to call;
•whether you have an EBR with the caller (specifically,
whether you or anyone else in your household made any purchases
of property, goods, or services from the individual or company
that called, or made any inquiry or filed an application with
the individual or company prior to receiving the call); and
•whether you or anyone in your household previously asked
the caller or individual or company whose property, goods, or
services are being advertised or sold NOT to call, and when you
made the request.
Some states permit you to file law suits in state court against
persons or entities violating the do-not-call rules. You may be
awarded $500 in damages or actual monetary loss, whichever is
greater. The amount may be tripled if you are able to show that
the caller violated the rules willfully and knowingly. Filing
a complaint with the FCC does not prevent you from also bringing
a suit in state court.
States also can bring a civil law suit against any person or
entity that engages in a pattern or practice of violating the
TCPA or FCC rules. You can contact your state Attorney General’s
office or consumer protection agency with particular complaints,
or to encourage such suits.
For this or any other consumer publication in an accessible format
(electronic ASCII text, Braille, large print, or audio) please
write or
call us at the address or phone number below, or send an e-mail
to FCC504@fcc.gov.
To receive information on this and other FCC consumer topics
through
the Commission's electronic subscriber service, visit
www.fcc.gov/cgb/contacts/.
This document is for consumer education purposes only and is
not intended to
affect any proceedings or cases involving this subject matter
or related issues.
10/20/08
Federal Communications Commission · Consumer & Governmental
Affairs Bureau · 445 12th St. S.W. · Washington,
DC 20554
1-888-CALL-FCC (1-888-225-5322) · TTY: 1-888-TELL-FCC (1-888-835-5322)
· Fax: 1-866-418-0232 · www.fcc.gov/cgb/
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